Common weaknesses are often operational: unmanaged accounts, weak privileged access, unpatched systems, flat networks and backups that have never been restored.
Secure identities first
Email and cloud accounts are central attack paths. MFA, privileged role separation and clean offboarding are foundational.
- use MFA consistently
- separate admin and user accounts
- disable legacy authentication
- handle role changes and departures
Maintain endpoints and servers continuously
Security software alone is not enough. Systems must be updated, monitored and administered consistently.
- endpoint protection/EDR
- patch management
- disk encryption
- limit local admin rights
Control networks and external access
VPN, Wi-Fi, printers, NAS, cameras and technical devices should not be added to flat networks without control.
- network segmentation
- document firewall rules
- MFA for remote access
- asset inventory
Connect backup, monitoring and incident response
Security must also work when an incident occurs. Detection and tested recovery reduce impact.
- protect backups separately
- test restores
- monitor critical systems
- define escalation paths